The exact cause and pathogenesis, or causes, of vasomotor symptoms (VMS)-the clinical name for hot flashes-has not yet been fully studied. Research on hot flashes is mostly focused on treatment options. Females who experience them may undergo them year round, rather than primarily in the summer, and ember flashes may linger for years after the more intense hot flashes have passed. Slow "ember" flashes appear almost as quickly but are less intense and last for around half an hour. It lasts at full intensity for only a few minutes before gradually fading. The standard hot flash comes on rapidly, sometimes reaching maximum intensity in as little as a minute. Some menopausal females may experience both standard hot flashes and a second type sometimes referred to as "slow hot flashes" or "ember flashes". Males who are castrated can also get hot flashes. Males with prostate cancer or testicular cancer can also have hot flashes, especially those who are undergoing hormone therapy with antiandrogens, also known as androgen antagonists, which reduce testosterone to castrate levels. Hot flashes in males could have various causes. In younger females who are surgically menopausal, hot flashes are generally more intense than in older females, and they may last until natural age at menopause. If hot flashes occur at other times in a young female's menstrual cycle, then it might be a symptom of a problem with the pituitary gland seeing a doctor is highly recommended. As estrogen is typically lowest at night, some people get night sweats without having any hot flashes during the daytime. When hot flashes occur at night, they are called " night sweats". Severe hot flashes can make it difficult to get a full night's sleep (often characterized as insomnia), which in turn can affect mood, impair concentration, and cause other physical problems. In addition, hot flashes are often more frequent and more intense during hot weather or in an overheated room, the surrounding heat apparently making the hot flashes themselves both more likely to occur, and more severe. Those most affected experience dozens of hot flashes each day. Some people undergoing menopause never have hot flashes. Hot flashes may begin to appear several years before menopause starts and last for years afterwards. The hot-flash event may be repeated a few times each week or every few minutes throughout the day. This is the origin of the alternative term "hot flush", since the sensation of heat is often accompanied by visible reddening of the face. In addition to being an internal sensation, the surface of the skin, especially on the face, becomes hot to the touch. Some people feel as if they are going to faint. The sensation of heat usually begins in the face or chest, although it may appear elsewhere such as the back of the neck, and it can spread throughout the whole body. Hot flashes, a common symptom of menopause and perimenopause, are typically experienced as a feeling of intense heat with sweating and rapid heartbeat, and may typically last from two to thirty minutes for each occurrence, ending just as rapidly as they began. They are typically experienced as a feeling of intense heat with sweating and rapid heartbeat, and may typically last from two to 30 minutes for each occurrence. Hot flashes (also known as hot flushes) are a form of flushing, often caused by the changing hormone levels that are characteristic of menopause.
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